Housing Analysis in Yazd as an Example of Sustainable Construction

Today, the concept of sustainability has become a part of daily life. In order to ensure the healthy life of humanity in the future against depleting resources and environmental pollution, it is necessary to live according to sustainability conditions. Sustainability conditions can be achieved by protecting the environment. A significant part of environmental pollution and energy consumption is also constituted by structures. For this reason, the construction sector is being reshaped and new solutions are being sought to eliminate these problems. In fact, when traditional structures are examined, it is seen that these structures are much more sustainable both in terms of production and the energy they consume during the usage process. It is also possible to see environmentally friendly approaches in traditional Yazd housing solutions. With special solutions brought at the building scale, buildings are protected from heat and cold and healthy living conditions are provided for people without much need for energy consumption. In this sense, the ground of the buildings is lowered below the street level and soil is obtained and the soil obtained from here is used as building material. The building material obtained from the excavated basement and low garden level does not harm the environment during the production phase, is extremely economical and does not require transportation costs. At the same time, since the building is buried in the ground, thermal comfort is provided more easily. A cold environment was created by making a water pool on the ground of the basement section called Sardab, the cool air here was used to cool the house and this space became a pantry where food could be preserved. A pool was also made in the inner garden, the living areas were moistened from the pools here, and a comfortable living space protected from the storms of the desert was created with the inner garden solution. The structures were formed in two sections as summer and winter. With this solution, they are protected from the sun in the summer and benefit from the sun's heat in the winter. With the ventilation chimneys (badgir) added to the structures, the houses can be air-conditioned and the necessary cool air can be provided. In addition, the dome used as a roof cover in the summer section has also become an air-conditioning tool for the structure.