Turkish Hearths, Architecture and Traditional Elements; Ankara and Izmir Example

The modernization/westernization movements that began in the last period of the Ottoman Empire were tried to be carried out simultaneously in various areas. Taking the West as an example, efforts were made to make breakthroughs and to get back on their feet with administrative reforms against the defeats in the wars. These studies that developed from the West also caused the ideologies of "being an individual" and "being a nation state" to start to form within the Ottoman Empire. The Turkish Hearths had a great influence on the formation of national values ​​and national identity in the modernization process and the pain of becoming a nation state at the beginning of the 20th century. The Turkish Hearths, which were founded in 1912 and closed in 1931, aimed to be western by taking the ideology of Turkism as a basis. The structures that exhibit the ideology of being a nation state in their architectural elements and plan types should essentially be seen as efforts to reveal the "Turkish" roots of a state that was trying to become westernized. This study aims to reveal the role of Turkish Hearths in state administration, to make a definition in the architectural context, to examine the spatial configurations of Ankara and Izmir Turkish Hearths, which stand out among the hearths, the traditional elements used in their architectural elements, and to evaluate the connections between ideology and spatial configuration.