Material-Shape Relationship in Traditional Housing Architecture and its Effect on Facades

Material, which is one of the factors directly affecting traditional residential architecture, continues to affect today's architecture in the same way as it directed the architectural shaping of civilisations centuries ago. Even if the building materials are the same with similar climatic conditions, traditional housing structure and façade formations may differ. In this study, the similarities and differences in the structural establishment, form understanding and façade formation of traditional housing architecture between Sürmene and Akçaabat districts of Trabzon, which have similar climatic conditions and building materials, were examined. The levels of the relationship between the material and form of the traditional housing facade examples were determined, and an answer was sought to the questions of how today's technique and art understanding can be harmonised with the data obtained. Observation, detection and measurement techniques were used in the study. The sample houses were grouped according to the floors and elements forming the façade and the material-form relationships were grouped and schematised. Each element on the facades (wall, roof, window, window, overhang, door and entrance) has been analysed in terms of material-form relationship and its effect on the facades. Regional characteristics were determined by determining whether there are similarities and differences in the two districts. A typological approach was proposed in line with the data obtained. The utilisation of traditional housing features in today's architecture has been opened to interpretation. This study has been carried out in order to be able to make healthy syntheses in future researches.